How States Raise Their Tax Dollars

FY 2022

Data Visualization Updated:   June 12, 2023 Read time:
Projects: State Fiscal Health
How States Raise Their Tax Dollars, FY 2022

Editor’s note: The analysis was updated on June 12, 2023, to clarify the timing of the most recent available data on the share of state government revenue coming from taxes.

Taxes typically make up almost half of state government revenue. In fiscal year 2022, two-thirds of states’ total tax dollars came from levies on personal income (38.2%) and general sales of goods and services (29.5%).

Broad-based personal income taxes were the greatest source of tax dollars in 31 of the 41 states that impose them, with the highest share (62.3%) in Oregon and the lowest share (8.8%) in North Dakota. General sales taxes were the largest source in 15 of the 45 states that collect them. Florida was most reliant on these taxes, which made up 63.9% of its tax revenue. Only four states received most of their fiscal 2022 revenue from sources other than personal income or general sales taxes: severance taxes in Alaska and North Dakota, license taxes in Delaware, and corporate income taxes in New Hampshire.

Mix of Tax Sources by State, FY 2022

Select revenue sources below to highlight them and resort the chart:

Personal income
General sales
Selective sales
Corporate income
License
Other
Property
Severance
0%25%50%75%100%0%25%50%75%100%

Notes: Unlike the 41 states with broad-based personal income taxes, New Hampshire taxes only certain dividend and interest income. Tennessee had a similar tax in place in fiscal year 2020, but it was fully phased out as of Jan. 1, 2021. Oregon collected more in property taxes than in severance, but the shares appear equal due to rounding.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau’s 2022 Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections

Data Visualization Updated:   June 12, 2023
Projects: State Fiscal Health
Topics: Fiscal & Economic Policy & U.S. State Policy
Tags: State data
Experts: Melissa Maynard
Places: United States
Downloads How States Raise Their Tax Dollars FY2022 (PDF)How States Raise Their Tax Dollars - Downloadable Data (XLSX)
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Melissa Maynard Project Director
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