Across the United States, cities and counties are enacting policies and programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Many local governments are motivated by concerns about the impacts of climate change in their communities, as well as an understanding that climate solutions can benefit local economies and local residents. These actions reflect a strong history of local leadership in climate protection in the United States. While local governments face a number of limitations in addressing climate change, they can be a key part of the solution. Their most important role may be to provide useful models and calls to action to higher levels of government.