Governments Need to Prepare for the Effects, Costs of a Changing Climate

Collected resources examine federal and state resilience planning

A man in a baseball cap and brown short-sleeved uniform rows a silver boat through muddy floodwaters along a residential street.
West Virginia Department of Natural Resources Lieutenant Dennis Feazell watches for debris as he navigates a boat through a flooded neighborhood in Rainelle, West Virginia, in 2016.
Steve Helber Associated Press

Billion-dollar disasters are on the rise. Every state is feeling the effects of a changing climate, whether from more frequent flooding, drought-inducing heat waves, or raging wildfires. Policymakers throughout the country are learning that confronting the significant and growing financial costs and effects on people, businesses, and infrastructure requires proactive measures.

The Pew Charitable Trusts collaborates with communities and federal, state, Tribal, and local governments to identify ways in which they can become more resilient to climate-related risks and disasters such as fires, floods, drought, landslides, and other life-threatening events.

The resources shared here reflect Pew’s work to foster more resilient communities through better planning, development and implementation of proactive policies, and identification of projects for investment—and by facilitating partnerships, such as the State Resilience Planning Group, to share best practices.  

An overhead view of an area full of fire-damaged trees and the foundations of buildings destroyed by fire. In the distance is the ocean and a few houses still stand at the bottom, near the edge of the area destroyed by fire.
An overhead view of an area full of fire-damaged trees and the foundations of buildings destroyed by fire. In the distance is the ocean and a few houses still stand at the bottom, near the edge of the area destroyed by fire.
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Rise in Billion-Dollar Disasters Driven by Many Factors

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Historically in the U.S., wildfires burned mostly in sparsely populated areas of vast Western states. But that’s changed in recent years, with Hawaii’s island of Maui the latest location of a devastating fire that devoured homes, businesses, and cultural landmarks, along with rain forest and agricultural land.

Six workers secure a large blue tarp on the roof of a two-story condominium under a cloudless blue sky. In the foreground is a badly damaged black SUV, along with large branches and pieces of homes—evidence that a strong storm recently struck.
Six workers secure a large blue tarp on the roof of a two-story condominium under a cloudless blue sky. In the foreground is a badly damaged black SUV, along with large branches and pieces of homes—evidence that a strong storm recently struck.
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Disaster Resilience Efforts Vary Widely Among States

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In the past 20 years, climate-related disasters have surged in frequency and intensity in the U.S., affecting all 50 states and costing nearly $2 trillion. These events, which have decimated communities and uprooted countless lives, are not expected to ease, as experts predict more and higher-intensity droughts, wildfires, hurricanes, and floods in years to come. Fortunately, states are increasingly taking action to embed resilience planning and management across agencies and functions and to develop comprehensive strategies for projected future conditions.

The Wilson neighborhood is filled with water from Salters Creek during King Tide, one of the highest tides of the year, in Newport News, Va., on Saturday, November 6, 2021.
The Wilson neighborhood is filled with water from Salters Creek during King Tide, one of the highest tides of the year, in Newport News, Va., on Saturday, November 6, 2021.
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Property Buyouts for Flood-Prone Communities

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Each year across the United States, communities large and small, inland and coastal, face devastation from flooding.

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How does broadband internet reach our homes, phones, and tablets? What kind of infrastructure connects us all together? What are the major barriers to broadband access for American communities?

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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, also known as “superbugs,” are a major threat to modern medicine. But how does resistance work, and what can we do to slow the spread? Read personal stories, expert accounts, and more for the answers to those questions in our four-week email series: Slowing Superbugs.