Last year brought many serious challenges, chief among them the pandemic and its impacts on cities around the world, including our hometown of Philadelphia. COVID-19 affected nearly all aspects of Philadelphians’ lives, magnifying existing inequities and exposing new fault lines at a time when calls for racial justice were mounting in the city and throughout the country.
Data from our Philadelphia research and policy initiative's annual “State of the City” report documents the pandemic’s consequences, both direct and indirect.
As it grappled with the coronavirus, Philadelphia also faced spikes in gun violence and drug overdose deaths as well as questions about what lasting effects the pandemic might have on its economy and its people.
Here, we tell the city’s story, providing a snapshot of what life looks like now and how it has evolved in recent years.

COVID-19
A deadly pandemic stuns a city
Nearly 2,500 Philadelphians lost their lives to the coronavirus in 2020, with more than 96,000 confirmed cases.
The world wasn’t prepared for the novel coronavirus, and many Americans weren’t prepared for how rapidly it spread. But as Philadelphians learned more about how to protect themselves, the number of deaths per month in the city fell gradually from spring to summer before rising sharply in late fall.
As the pandemic stretched on, the city steadily increased the availability of COVID-19 testing for residents. Although tests were relatively limited in the early months, more than 200,000 tests per month were administered in November and December.
From March through December 2020, Philadelphia recorded more than 96,000 cases of COVID-19. Like many other U.S. cities, Philadelphia experienced two major spikes in cases: in April, shortly after the start of the pandemic, and once more toward the end of the year.
Hispanic and Black Philadelphia residents were far more likely to know someone who died from the virus than were non-Hispanic White residents, our August 2020 poll revealed.
The pandemic affected not only physical health but also mental health. In our survey, 49% of Philadelphians said that they or someone in their household felt seriously depressed or anxious.

Mask Compliance
Face coverings become the new normal
Did most people in Philadelphia wear masks?
Despite controversy around mask mandates throughout the country, a large majority of people in Philadelphia abided by the rule.
To help stem the spread of COVID-19, Mayor Jim Kenney signed an executive order on June 28, mandating that masks be worn in a number of social or public settings. The city’s Department of Public Health then began tracking the rate of mask compliance by counting the number of people seen wearing masks on security cameras throughout the city.
Compliance both outside and at retail locations was generally high and rose over time.

Employment
Job growth halts, unemployment spikes
The city’s unemployment rate more than triples within five months.
Before 2020, the number of jobs in Philadelphia had been rising steadily, with the city recording a historically low unemployment rate in 2019, at 5.5%.
But that progress came to an abrupt halt. The pandemic was declared a national emergency on March 13; businesses and institutions in Philadelphia and across the country had to shutter their doors, and, except for essential workers, residents were asked to remain at home.
Shortly afterward, the city’s unemployment rate jumped to levels not seen even in the worst days of the Great Recession, reaching 18.2% in June. The leisure and hospitality sector was hit the hardest: A third of its jobs disappeared in 2020.
Unemployment gradually fell as businesses started to reopen, ending the year at 9.3%. It was 6.7% nationally in December 2020.
Although the unemployment rate began to decrease in the latter half of the year, the city’s average, 12.2%, was still the highest in decades and above the national average of 8.1%.
The number of jobs in the city declined by more than 40,000 from 2019 to 2020, though at times that number dipped by almost 100,000.
Philadelphia underwent a 5.6% contraction in the number of jobs from 2019 to 2020, similar to the country’s 5.8% decrease. This came after years of job growth in the city, which outperformed the country as a whole in 2016, 2018, and 2019.