Notes: Defense spending is defined as Department of Defense expenditures on salaries and wages for military personnel as well as retirement and nonretirement benefits (e.g., military pensions and health care services, respectively) and obligations for contracts for purchases of goods and services, such as weapons systems and information technology consulting, and grants to states and local governments.

Sources: Pew calculations using data from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Annual State Personal Income and Employment, “Personal Current Transfer Receipts (SA35),” accessed April 2021; USASpending.gov, accessed April 2021; U.S. Department of Defense, Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation (formerly the Office of Economic Adjustment), “Defense Spending by State, Fiscal Year 2019” (2021); U.S. Census Bureau, “Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States” (April 2021); U.S. Department of Defense, Office of the Actuary, “Statistical Report on the Military Retirement System, Fiscal Year 2019” (2021)